𝗛𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗪𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗗𝗜𝗦𝗘𝗔𝗦𝗘

𝗛𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗪𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗗𝗜𝗦𝗘𝗔𝗦𝗘

▪️Heartwater (also known as cowdriosis, ninjas, and ehrlichiosis) is a tick-borne rickettsial disease of domestic and wild ruminants.

𝗔𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘀𝗽𝗲𝗰𝗶𝗲𝘀

🐂Cattle
🐃Buffalo
🐏Sheep
🐐G𝗼𝗮𝘁

🔘𝗘𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘆

It is caused by Ehrlichia ruminantium (formerly Cowdria ruminantium) - an intracellular Gram-negative coccal bacterium (also referred to as Rickettsia ruminantium). The disease is spread by bont ticks, which are members of the genus Amblyomma

🔘𝗖𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻𝘀

➪by increased vascular permeability and consequent oedema and hypovolemia.
➪Neurological signs such as tremors and head pressing,
➪Respiratory signs such as coughing and nasal discharge, and
➪Systemic signs such as fever and loss of appetite. 
➪Physical examination may reveal petechiae of the mucous membranes, tachycardia, and muffled heart sounds. Cowdriosis can also cause reproductive and gastrointestinal diseases. It is frequently fatal.

🔘𝗗𝗶𝗮𝗴𝗻𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘀

To definitively diagnose the disease, C. ruminantium must be demonstrated either in preparations of the hippocampus under Giemsa staining or by histopathology of the brain or kidney.

💉𝗧𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹

🔘𝗔nimals may be treated with sulfonamides and tetracyclines. or oxytetracycline and doxycycline in
🔘A live blood vaccine is available for the protection of young stock, but animals may require treatment for the disease after vaccination.
🔘Ectoparasiticides, used as dips, can be used to reduce exposure to the animal's exposure to bont ticks.

𝗛𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗪𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗗𝗜𝗦𝗘𝗔𝗦𝗘